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Tuesday, August 25, 2020
Contributory Negligence Historical and Comparative â⬠Free Samples
Question: Examine about the Contributory Negligence Historical and Comparative. Answer: Presentation: The given contextual analysis which rotates around Sebastian Surtees Pty Ltd and Clay Hawthorne identifies with the tort of carelessness. Specifically, it identifies with the penetrate of obligation of care and the resulting harms. A tort is considered as a common wrong done, whereby the activities of one individual, hurt the other. There are various torts in Australia, and a main one among these is the tort of carelessness (Statsky 2011). Carelessness can be characterized as a penetrate of obligation of care, which an individual P owes to individual R, because of the activities which were attempted by individual P which had the capability of harming or hurting the individual R. In this way, when P thoughtless attempts a movement which requires care towards R because of the chance of Ps activities hurting or harming R, it would bring about carelessness. What's more, when an instance of carelessness is available, the bothered party can guarantee harms for the damage or misfortune which they needed to acquire because of the embraced activities of the tortfeasor (Trindade, Cane and Lunney 2007). It is the obligation of the offended party to appear under the watchful eye of the official courtroom that they have been harmed or hurt because of the activities of the respondent, so as to guarantee the harms under a common activity brought under the watchful eye of the courtroom. So as to build up an instance of carelessness, the oppressed party needs to set up the nearness of certain key components, remembered for which is the obligation of care (Kolah 2013). This is trailed by demonstrating that this obligation of care hosted been negated by get-together P. What's more, in conclusion, there is a need to set up that the individual R was really hurt or harmed because of this disappointment of P in practicing his obligation of care. When these components can be appeared in a solitary case, the oppressed party is granted harms by the courtroom, in light of the extent of harm cause to such individual R (Kennedy 2009). The as a matter of first importance step, with regards to putting forth a defense of carelessness, is to show that an obligation of care was available and that the equivalent was owed by individual P to individual R (Lunney and Oliphant 2013). Concerning building up that an obligation of care was available, the main English instance of Donoghue v Stevenson [1932] AC 562 ends up being of help. For this situation, Donoghue expended a ginger lager, from a container which contained a dead snail. Because of this utilization, she became ill and started legitimate activity against Stevenson, who was the brew producer. Her cases were at first disposed of by the court as this beverage had been bought by Donoghues companion and not Donoghue herself. In any case, on further intrigue it was held that the activities of Stevenson were to such an extent that they had the ability of influencing Donoghue, because of the client producer relationship. The appointed authorities held that there was sensi ble predictability in a debased beverages prompting the ailment of a customer and that there was vicinity between the gatherings, which had the limit of affecting the other. Subsequently, the court held that the maker was without a doubt obligated and owed an obligation of care towards Stevenson. What's more, because of the penetrate of this obligation of care, trailed by injury of Donoghue, Stevenson was approached to repay her for her misfortunes. Another supportive case which helps in setting up the nearness of obligation of care is that of Caparo Industries plc v Dickman [1990] 2 AC 605. For this situation, the court introduced a triple test, whereby so as to show the nearness of obligation of care, it must be appeared under the watchful eye of the court that the injury was sensibly predictable, that there was closeness between the gatherings in such a way, that the activities of one, influenced the other, and ultimately, that if punishments are forced, it would be simply and sensible (Latimer 2012). Penetrate of Duty of Care Upon effectively demonstrating that an obligation of care had to be sure been owed, the abused party than needs to show that the equivalent had been negated, as in the respondent had bombed in satisfying his commitments (Martin and Lancer 2013). Vaughan v Menlove (1837) 3 Bing NC 467 was a case in which the pile of the respondent burst into flames because of the poor ventilation. On various events, the respondent had been cautioned that on the off chance that he kept on leaving his sheaf, this will undoubtedly occur. Also, on this, the litigant contended that utilizing his best judgment, a danger of fire was not sensibly predictable. Be that as it may, the court held that the judgment of the litigant was insufficient and there was a need to apply gauges according to a sensible individual. Subsequently, it must be indicated that a sensible individual would have attempted the precautionary measures inferable from the sensible predictability of such danger of mischief. The following stage is to think about the outcomes of the embraced activities, or the absence of it so far as that is concerned (Turner 2013). On account of Paris v Stepney Borough Council [1951] AC 367, Paris was at that point daze in one eye. What's more, he was utilized by the Council for undertaking certain work. The Council knew about the state of Paris but then they didn't furnish him with the security gear, especially defensive goggles. While chipping away at a corroded jolt, a chip flew into the great eye of Paris, bringing about his total visual impairment. The disappointment of the Council in giving the imperative wellbeing gear was esteemed as a penetrate of obligation of care by the official courtroom which prompted Paris being granted harms for his visual impairment. There is additionally a need to show that a sensible individual would have considered the level of hazard which was related with the activities attempted by an individual (Gibson and Fraser, 2014). Bolton v Stone [1951] AC 850 is a case wherein Stone was hit with a cricket ball, while she was remaining outside her home, because of the ball taking off from the arena, which was around hundred yards from Boltons home. According to the realities of the most recent thirty years, it was delineated that the ball could just take off outside the arena multiple times as it were. Along these lines, as a sensible individual there was just a need to assemble the fence, this had been finished. Thus, a break of obligation of care was not maintained for this situation. With regards to the experts, they are required to show a standard in their training (Greene 2013). Rogers v Whitaker (1992) 175 CLR 479 was one of such cases in which the reacted was not made mindful of the outcomes of the medical procedure which was being embraced. This implied she was unable to take the correct and educated choice when it went to the activity. As a gifted individual, the specialist was under a commitment to send more consideration than a customary individual. What's more, because of these reasons, the specialist was held at risk for carelessness. With respect to the architects, they are required to show a standard of able practice. In Consultants Group International v John Worman Ltd (1987) 9 Con LR 46, Worman had consented to choke the abattoir, for the reasons of being a temporary worker, on severe conditions with respect to the structures which had been expressed by the planners, i.e., by CGI. A specialist was recruited by Worman for doing the work and this empl oyed constructor, contradicted the structure conditions. It was held by the court that the obligation of care of Worman towards CGI was equivalent to the obligation of care of expert towards Worman. Furthermore, accordingly, the specialist was held subject for making up for the monetary misfortunes. Upon the fruitful fulfillment of the over two perspectives, the last prerequisite is to show that the offended party had been really hurt/harmed or needed to hold up under a misfortune, all together for the solutions for be granted under carelessness. So as to demonstrate that harms should be granted to the bothered party, there is a need to show that there was an immediate causation between the injury of offended party and the penetrate of obligation of care of the respondent; and that the harms were predictable in a sensible way, which was generous in nature and not remote (Emanuel and Emanuel 2008). The harms are possibly to be granted when they were sensible predictable by a reason individual and when the equivalent were not very remote. On account of Wagon Mound (No.1) [1961] AC 388, the offended party couldn't prevail in his cases of carelessness because of the disappointment of the offended party in demonstrating that a sensible individual would have anticipated the sort of fire harm which really occurred. Thus, no harms were granted to the offended party. However, in Wagon Mound (No.2) [1967] AC 61, the court held that the harm of oil slick in a subsequent case, was not the same as the past occurrence and this predictability prompted the harms being granted to the offended party. There is a need to show direct causation between the injury and the harms, as far as circumstances and logical results dependent on the presence of mind and based on the realities of the specific case (Martin and Lancer, 2013). On account of Yates v Jones (1990) ATR 81, because of the respondent, the offended party got in a mishap. Later on, she was offered courageous woman for managing her agony by a companion. At the point when she sued Jones, she guaranteed the expenses of her expansion to courageous woman from Jones. In any case, the court held that there was a need direct causation between the breaks of obligation of care of Jones and between her addictions to courageous woman. Subsequently, the harms were not granted to her. The measure of harms which are granted to the oppressed party, i.e., the offended party, can on occasion be diminished or totally decreased. This is in the instances of contributory carelessness. This is an acclaimed resistance under the carelessness according to which the offended party is considered to have contributed towards the harm caused to them. Furthermore, when such occurs, the court considers it important to lessen the measure of cures which were granted to the offended party (Dongen, 2014). Froom v Butcher [1976] 1 QB 286 was a case in which the offended party was harmed because of the mishap which was caused because of the misstep of the respondent. The litigant had been tanked, which prompted the mishap. Be that as it may, the offended party was not wearing the safety belt at t
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Cheating in Sports Essays
Cheating in Sports Essays Cheating in Sports Essay Cheating in Sports Essay Week 3 The point that I am looking into is ââ¬Å"Cheating in Sportsâ⬠, from illicit medications use, betting, to government arraignments, NASCAR, different types and its effect financially and socially on society. Since a great many dollars are won and lost in the realm of sports, just as the social effect it has with the general population/society. So the inquiries that ring a bell are, the reason do we give it a second thought and relate to our groups to such an extent? What is the intrigue, what do we find so honorable about winning in a wearing game? Where do we adhere to a meaningful boundary with regards to cheating in sports? Why as a general public do we spot such a high accentuation on winning in sports! Account Hook #1 â⬠Is societyââ¬â¢s fixation on winning imperiling the uprightness of sports? This snare attracts perusers and makes intrigue since it promptly catches their consideration by requesting that the peruser consider social orders job in perhaps endangering sports trustworthiness. Perusers can relate on the grounds that each general public on the planet has some kind of sports group, either, locally, or broadly they identify with, from the youthful to the old. Additionally, most of a great many people are not, were not competitors or engaged with sports as a calling or business or even at the beginner and recreational level. A great many people (society) are fanatics of a specific game and tail it, regardless of whether intently or as an easygoing interest. Story Hook#2 â⬠Who is to be faulted, the competitor, the game, general society for the wide spread cheating in sports? This snare draws and catches readersââ¬â¢ intrigue since it currently explicitly takes a gander at a few prospects to consider and that a great many people will fit into. Contingent upon their very own situation, as a competitor, or previous, engaged with a game as a worker, recreationally, or only a fan, they can relate on an individual level in accordance with cheating in sports. I ask however, who is at fault, the competitor? How would you tell a small child whoââ¬â¢s family has been living in neediness, and gets the opportunity to procure millions and completely change themselves by taking somewhat blue, white, pill that will give him an upper hand and perhaps make that fantasy work out as expected! When millions upon millions are in question, a Super Bowl, a World Series and your group has the tapes of the rival groups plays, or the signs of the pitcher, and it can mean the distinction of being delegated the victor or not, what stops you, the mentor, proprietor, to not go too far, or would it be a good idea for us to state who stops you? That World Series winning grand slam, or that kick-off returning touchdown to win the Super Bowl, or that last round knockout by the longshot to dominate the game for the title, imagine a scenario where you discovered they all were the consequence of cheating. Would it have any kind of effect, or would it not? Week 4 Significance of the reason articulation is multifaceted. It is to give the objective or expected result of an examination (in this situation). Sets the goal, in view of the need or issue and afterward specific or explicit inquiries are created (look into questions) concentrating on a solitary idea (marvel) or thought. The general expectation of this grounded hypothesis study is to comprehend the moral and monetary effect that cheating in sports has on competitors and society. This will concentrate on investigating the experience of the fans (society), singular competitors and sports associations. Directed with singular meetings by means of telephone or face to face, at games, sports association, both expert, university, secondary school, and recreational in the Charlotte and encompassing district, just as different web locales. At this phase in the examination, the effect that cheating has in sports will for the most part be characterizes as the monetary addition and the transient moral consequences for society and competitor. Individual colleagues, as I dealt with building up my motivation articulation, my test was what and how to limit to a solitary wonder. There is a lot to consider! I am attempting to come to an obvious conclusion of a couple of things. How cheating by some competitor impacts the morals of others to cheat, when they can see the serious addition and conceivable money related too! At that point there are the fans, society, and how it impacts them, and their viewpoint of the individual competitors, their particular group lastly the games associations! As I expressed a week ago, to the fans, does it have any kind of effect, if their preferred competitor was gotten, or their group? Is the issue with the competitor, or is it with us? In the perusing it states, that in a subjective report, ââ¬Å"advance a solitary marvel, perceiving that the investigation may form into an investigation of connections or examinations among ideasâ⬠. Things being what they are, I ask your assistance, would it be a good idea for me to simply express, that my single marvel is perhaps simply the moral parts of cheating, or simply the prudent and also, would it be a good idea for me to concentrate on only one explicit gathering, the competitor, society, sports associations or leave as is with the idea that as expressed above it will form into different connections or correlations that can be explained in the exploration?
Friday, August 7, 2020
Do you even lift COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog
Do you even lift COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Hi everyone, Iâm Diane â" a member of the Admissions team here at SIPA (and the in-house certified personal trainer ) . Iâd like to introduce a few resources about adopting and maintaining a healthy lifestyle, wellness and self-care as a Columbia University student. With the academic rigor of the MIA/MPA programs, internships, extracurricular events, or even family obligations, it can be overwhelming at times to try to balance these various commitments. What students may not realize or tend to forget is that a healthy lifestyle is valuable in managing your stress, boosting productivity, and setting you up for success in your academic goals. A great resource to start with is Columbia Health â" here youâll find information about the benefits of physical activity and tips/advice on how to incorporate this into your everyday life. This can range from walking, cycling, yoga, weightlifting, etc. My advice is to start with a measured, attainable goal in a specific timeframe. For instance, establishing a goal of walking 10,000 steps per day within two weeks is attainable; you can start out with taking 1,000 steps the first day and gradually increasing this number day-by-day. If you want to implement resistance training â" you can begin with two full-body workouts in the first week, then increase to 3 workouts the next. These small steps will allow you adhere to an active lifestyle much easier. Within Columbia Health, there are a couple of programs that explore wellness and self-care from a holistic approach. The Alice! Health Promotion program houses health promotion initiatives and services like womenâs health, stress coping, sleep assessments, menâs health, alcohol awareness, etc. The Gay Health Advocacy Project is another program that is committed to LGBT students and provides services and resources to students from all identities and orientations such as STI testing, peer counseling, birth control education, hormone therapy, and much more. The main gym on campus is Dodge Fitness Center, which is a tri-level center that boasts two weightlifting areas, two cardio areas, an indoor track, aerobic rooms, basketball court, squash courts, and swimming pool. In order to access the gym, youâll need to purchase a membership which isnât included in your tuition and fees. Note: Itâs better to purchase a package for the entire academic year because itâs more cost-effective. As a CU employee, my membership came out to be approximately $30 per month for the fall and spring semesters; itâs less expensive as a student. The prices for the academic year will be made available later this summer. For those who enjoy lifting, the strength training areas, primarily found on the second floor and make up a portion of the ground floor next to the basketball court, are decked out. Thereâs your standard dumbbell equipment, cable machines, bench press, squat racks, as well as Olympic lifting platforms with bumper plates. It can get crowded, starting from 5 PM onwards, but if you have time in the mornings or during the day, youâll find what you need to get your lift on. The cardio areas are robust and can be found on the top level and part of the ground floor. Thereâs plenty of treadmills, elliptical machines, spin bikes in addition to a couple of Stairmasters and rowing machines. Cardio machines are readily more available but during evening peak times (5 PM and later), you can reserve your spot for a machine 30 minutes in advance. Guests are limited to 30 minutes of usage. The basketball court is usually open except for university events and intramural sports. I highly encourage you to visit the Health office and website to explore your options. Establishing and maintaining a healthy lifestyle as a full-time, graduate student will really make a difference in how you handle different situations, balance competing priorities, and take care of your body physically, mentally, and emotionally.
Saturday, May 23, 2020
The Strategic Logic of Suicide Terrorism by Pape, Bloom,...
ââ¬Å"Terrorism involves the use of violence by an organization other than a national government to cause intimidation or fear among a target audience;â⬠at least, this is how Pape (2003) defines terrorism in his article ââ¬Å"The Strategic Logic of Suicide Terrorismâ⬠(343). The goal of this article by Pape is to discuss suicide terrorism and how it ââ¬Å"follows a strategic logic, one specifically designed to coerce modern liberal democracies to make significant territorial concessionsâ⬠(343). Similar to Pape, Bloom (2004) and Horowitz (2010) also delve into the exponential increase of suicide terrorism and why it occurs. Although Pape, Bloom, and Horowitz concur that suicide terrorism is increasing, they disagree why it is so prominent. While theâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦in Pape 347). As far as occupation, Pape (2003) feels it plays a key role within the property of timing. Between 1980 and 2001, 188 separate suicide attacks occurred, 179 of which were part s of terroristic campaigns, and a majority of these campaigns were direct results of seven disputes: ââ¬Å"the presence of American and French forces in Lebanon, Israeli occupation of West Bank and Gaza, the independence of the Tamil regions of Sri Lanka, the independence of the Kurdish region of Turkey, Russian occupation of Chechnya, Indian occupation of Kashmir, and the presence of American forces on the Saudi Arabian Peninsulaâ⬠(347). Therefore, it is no surprise why Pape believes the resentment of foreign occupation is such an effective motivator for suicide terrorism (357). Unlike Pape (2003), Bloom (2004) takes the perspective that ethnic outbidding and standard-bearers are the greatest influence on the escalation of suicide terrorist attacks. According to Bloom, without the presence of monopoly over force, bombing efforts increased in occurrence and magnitude and there was a rise of groups claiming responsibility in an effort to outbid other terrorist groups, thus cre ating a competitive and outbidding domino effect (65). Bloom also states ââ¬Å"with every major attack since November 2000, support for suicide bombings has increased and support for the Palestinian Authority has decreasedââ¬
Tuesday, May 12, 2020
How Napoleon Was A Great Leader Who Led The French Empire
Kenny Stalowski CP World Cultures 10 Mr. Yeckel March 26, 2015 Rough Draft Napoleon Bonaparte was a great leader who led the French Empire, Got the French back into a good economic state after the revolution, and conquered most of Europe. As his power grew so did the French. The French were nearly unbeatable under his leadership. As a child he was also timid and lacked any sense of power. He read a lot on history and military campaigns. Although he was very smart in the art of war his sense of aggressiveness was his major own fall. As a child he was also timid and lacked any sense of power. Born in 1769, in Ajacco, Corsica Napoleon was introduced to this world. His father, Carlo Bonaparte, and his mother, Leticia Bonaparte, bore a child that would change the face of the world. Napoleon was a short scrawny timid boy who was very quite and wasnââ¬â¢t liked that much. He was a carefree little child until his Father enrolled him into military school. Military school this is where Napoleon gained his strategic intelligence. He would hours on end about historical military campaigns. Also he was a very determined little boy and stopped at nothing to make sure he got what he wanted. He grew up and joined the French army and thatââ¬â¢s where it all started for Napoleon. Napoleon in the French Revolution was huge. He was a great smart leader and the French Military started to recognize him. He started quickly moving rank to rank and just kept going never stopped. His dominance in war reallyShow MoreRelatedJulius Caesar and Napoleon Bonaparte1340 Words à |à 6 Pages11/4/12 Julius Caesar and Napoleon Bonaparte This world has seen many great leaders and emperors but two of them standout a little more than the others. Their names are Julius Caesar and Napoleon Bonaparte. Both men were highly respected and greatly feared. They also ran great empires that spanned over thousands of miles. They wanted to rule and conquer anything they could. They have many similarities and differences in the way they ruled and conquered. Their empires were so big that thereRead MoreNapoleon Bonaparte Essay1537 Words à |à 7 PagesNapoleon Bonaparte has been called a hero by some and a villain by many others. He was the First Consul of France, then the emperor of France, and finally an outlaw. Napoleon had a meteoric rise to power in the late 18th century, and lasted to the early 19th century. He was able to rise to power through his great military victories and he was able to keep his power by fending off enemies in wars and with some reforms. Napoleon started his life good, but different than many Fre nch rulers. NapoleonRead MoreIs Napoleon Bonaparte a Corrupt Leader A leader is not determined by what he does but how he does1000 Words à |à 4 PagesIs Napoleon Bonaparte a Corrupt Leader A leader is not determined by what he does but how he does it. Napolà ©on was a great leader no doubt but was he corrupt? 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Napoleon used hisRead MoreThe Battle of Austerlitz Essay630 Words à |à 3 PagesEveryone knows that Napoleon was a great leader and commander but it is not as cut and dry as popular history makes it out to be. His great victory at Austerlitz cemented him as one of the greatest commanders in history. This battle is was a tactical masterpiece up there with Gaugamela and Cannae. However, there is more to analyze here than just the battle itself. Many aspects of war include mobilization, supply, training, moral, army structure etc. and all play a part in Napoleonââ¬â¢s victories andRead MoreWhat Are The Four Main Causes Of The French Revolution1175 Words à |à 5 PagesChapter 23 Questions 1. What are the four main causes of the French Revolution discussed on pages 652-653 in your text? In your opinion, which cause was the main reason for the revolution? Why did you pick this cause? Response to Question 1.1 : Two of the estates had privileges, including access to high offices and exemptions from paying taxes, that were not granted to the members of the third. This caused growing resentment among the lower classes. New philosophies about government helped createRead MoreThe Conflict Between France And Germany During The Franco War887 Words à |à 4 Pageschancellor Otto Von Bismarck sent a telegram to William I, who was a Prussian king. It stated that France insulted Prussia. However, it was a dishonest version of Bismarck to unify Germany nations. France declared the war on Prussia and this was a tactic of Bismarck to unify German states with Prussia and the new German Empire started. The unification of Germany demonstrated the nationalism between these countries. The negative reaction of France led to the ruins of Paris, the high human cost and a bigRead MoreSpread Of Nationalism Throughout Europe1505 Words à |à 7 Pagesterritory, and set of customs. It was an important factor in the development of Europe. The IB Global Context, Identities and Relationships relates to nationalism because it defines us just like nationalism does. It focuses on identities, beliefs, values, and relationships . Napoleon came to power on 24 August 1799 and crowned himself emperor in 1804. From 1803 to 1815, he controlled most of Europe and promoted the ideas of nationalism, mostly unintentionally. Nationalism was spread throughout Europe byRead MoreEssay About Napoleon Bonaparte2610 Words à |à 11 PagesAbout Napoleon Bonaparte Napoleon Bonaparte is one of the most written-about figures in history, yet it is impossible to say what Napoleon might have done. People even have different opinions about what he actually did do[1]. Napoleon was a powerful and influential leader from his moments in the French civil war to his years as a political leader. His accomplishments are many, and his position as one of the great leaders of the ancient world is questionable becauseRead MoreThe Impact Of Nationalism1325 Words à |à 6 Pageslate 18th century with Napoleon, all the way to present day. As one historian wrote, Nationalism is a ââ¬Å"Political outlookâ⬠¦that a nation is composed of people who are joined together by the bonds of a common languageâ⬠¦customs, culture, and historyâ⬠(9/13/17). Nationalism has shaped the history of human beings both in a positive and a negative way. Due to the strong love and deep loyalty humans had for their countries, many things in history were able to be accomplished. It led to many different events
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Merton Truck Free Essays
MERTON TRUCK COMPANY Sol 1 : Given : Selling Price od Model 101 truck : 39000 Selling Price of Model 102 truck : 38000 We know, Contribution C = SP ââ¬â VC VC for Model 101 : Direct Material + Direct Labor + Variable Overhead : 24000 + 4000 + 8000 = $36000 VC for Model 102: Direct Material + Direct Labor + Variable Overhead : 20000+ 4500+8500 = $33000 Let no of Model 101 produced be X Let no of Model 102 produced be Y Z= (39000-36000)X + (38000=33000)Y Z=3000X + 5000Y So objective is to Maximize Z Constraints : 1| Engine Assembly | X + 2Y = 4000| 2| Metal Smapling| 2X + 2Y = 6000| | Model 101 Assembly| 2X =5000| 4| Model 102 Assembly| 3Y =4500| 5| Min no| X = 0| 6| Min no| Y =0| Solving for C with above constraints, we get : X = 2000 and Y = 1000 Corresponding C will be : 2000(3000) + 5000(1000) = $ 1100000 So best product mix is manufacturing of 2000 Model 101 truck and 1000 Model 102 truck. Sol 1. B : Changing Engine Assembly capacity from 4000 to 4001 : X + 2Y = 4001 Solving f or C with new constraints : We get value of X and Y as : X = 1999 and Y = 1001 Corresponding C will be $1100200 Extra Unit of capacity of Engine Assemble is : 1100000-1002000 = $ 2000 (i. We will write a custom essay sample on Merton Truck or any similar topic only for you Order Now e Shadow price of Engine Assembly ) . Sol 1. c : If the engine capacity is increased to 4100, constraint eq will become : X+2Y= 4100 Solving fr C will new constraints we get value as : X= 1900 and Y = 1100 C will be 11200000 Thus it can clearly seen that value of C has been increased from 1002000 to 1120000 which is 100 times. Graph in this will look like : Solution 2 : The company could rent additional capacity up to a maximum of the $ 2000 per machine-hour (this is the opportunity cost of 1 machine-hour of engine assembly capacity). Case1: Model 101 is outsourced: The engine capacity constraint equation would now be as follows: 2y = 4000 Running the linear programming module again would produce the result as given below: Objective Function Value = 12000000. 000 (Total Contribution) Product Mix: The following optimum product mix is obtained for the given constraints: Variable | Value| Reduced Costs| x| 1500| 0. 000| y| 1500| 0. 000| Slack/Shadow Prices: The constraints and their shadow prices are as obtained below: Constraint| Slack/Surplus (Machine-hours)| Dual/Shadow Prices ($) | Engine Assembly| 1000| 0| Metal Stamping| 0| 1500. 000| Model 101 Assembly| 2000| 0. 000| Model 102 Assembly| 0| 666. 667| Lower/Upper Limits: Coefficient/Constraint| Lower Limit| Current Value| Upper Limit| x| 0| 3000| 5000| y| 3000| 5000| No Upper Limit| Engine Assembly Capacity| 3000| 4000| No Upper Limit| Metal Stamping Capacity| 3000| 6000| 8000| Model 101 Assembly| 3000| 5000| No Upper Limit| Model 102 Assembly| 1500| 4500| 6000| Model 102 is outsourced: The product mix does not change even if we change the engine assembly capacity to X=4000 It would remain as shown in the table shown in section 6. . 1. 1 The company could rent the capacity at a maximum of shadow price of engine assembly capacity i. e. , $ 2000 per machine-hour Since, the upper limit of engine assembly capacity is 4500 machine-hours; the company could envisage renting out 500 units or either Model 101 or Model 102 trucks Solution 3 : Solution 3 : Problem says that there is a consideration of introducing Model 103 truck which will requir e following Machine Hrs at different stage of production: Engine Assembly : 0. 8 Machine Hrs / truck Metal Stamping : 1. 5 Machine Hrs / truck It can be manufactured with Model 101 Assembly at a rate of 4 Machine Hrs/truck. Contribution of Model 103 will be : 2000 | Model 101(X)| Model 102(Y)| Model03(Zââ¬â¢)| Constraint Sign| Machine Hrs| Engine Assembly| 1| 2| 0. 8| =| 4000| Metal Stampling| 2| 2| 1. 5| =| 6000| Model 101 Assembly| 2| | 4| =| 5000| Model 102 Assembly| | 3| | =| 4500| Min no| 1| | | =| 0| Min no| | 1| | =| 0| Min no| | | 1| +| 0| Z will be 3000X+5000Y+2000Z Solving for Z with above constraints , we get X = 1900 Y = 1100 Zââ¬â¢=0 Z = 11200000 As it can be clearly seen at optimal solution Model 103 production should be 0. Thus they should not produce Model 103 Trucks. (B)Contribution from Model 103 should be $349(Reduced cost as seen above) more so as to make me worthwhile to produce. Solution 5: New constraint is given as Model 101 production should be at least 3 times the no of Model 103. It can be written in equation form as : X ââ¬â 3Y = 0 Solving for Z adding above constraint in the existing constraints , we get X= 2250 Y=750 Z=10500000 Graph for the new constraints is : It can be clearly seen with the introduction of new constraint there is a loss of opportunity. How to cite Merton Truck, Papers
Friday, May 1, 2020
Food cart free essay sample
A food cart is a mobile food service operation that generally offers various types of fast food to walk-up customers. It may also be referred to as a mobile kitchen, a food booth, or a food kiosk. This type of street food is a popular staple in many cities around the world such as the hot dog carts in New York City, for example and is rapidly spreading to other locations due to its convenience factor, and the fact that it often represents a great way to get local, relatively inexpensive food rather than visiting a chain fast food restaurant. The cart may be self propelled, as in a food truck, or it may be towed by another vehicle. In many cases, a food cart will only offer one particular type of food. For instance, a taco truck is a relatively popular type of food cart, offering customers one very specific food, but in a number of different creations or combinations. We will write a custom essay sample on Food cart or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Some might serve a few different types of foods, more similar to a rolling restaurant or bakery than a simple hot dog stand. Food carts exist for any meal of the day, with different ones offering selections for breakfast, lunch, and dinner. In many cities, food carts are becoming an integral part of street culture, with people even taking food cart tours to visit the different options an area has to offer, or going on late-night searches to find the changing location of a favorite cart. A food cart often represents an excellent and lucrative business idea. Operating costs are fairly low, and only require the purchase of the food cart, the ingredients for preparing specific dishes, and paying a limited staff; many cities will also require the vendor to purchase a license. Some food carts will also capitalize on late-night business in a city, parking outside of bars, for instance. This allows them to find built-in clientele without a great deal of advertising costs or effort. Additionally, some couples are now even having food carts cater their wedding. Referred to as mobile catering, this allows the food cart to simply arrive at the wedding, and allow guests to make their selections. This is a more popular option for casual, outdoor events; it is not necessary to limit this to weddings, either. It is an easy way to ensure convenient catering and easy clean-up at any type of large party or business event. It is important to keep in mind when eating at any food cart, however, that cleanliness can be an issue, so be sure to look around and make sure that food is being handled properly, and that any food safety certifications are displayed and up to date. Introduction This study aims to rationalize information of a proposed business in order to provide a clear rationale of basic factors in marketing which includes the strength and weakness in a venture and the opportunity and threat that is presented by the environment.
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